Kuyamba ndi kuyendetsa ntchito zopanda phindu kumatha kukwaniritsa modabwitsa, makamaka ngati mwiniwakeyo atenga kudzoza kuchokera kumalingaliro akulu ndi chidwi chofuna kusintha. Komabe, ngakhale masomphenyawo atha kukhala olimbikitsa, kupeza ntchito yopanda phindu kumatenga nthawi komanso khama.
Kuti mukhale eni ake, muyenera kusonkhanitsa zolemba ndi zolemba zosonyeza kuti bungweli limathandizira anthu onse ndipo likuyeneretsedwa kuti lisakhope msonkho. Mukathetsa zopingazo, mutha kulowa mu ntchito yeniyeni - kusonkhanitsa ndalama, kupanga gulu, ndikupanga zabwino. Pitilizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe momwe mungakhazikitsire bungwe lopanda phindu m'njira zisanu ndi zinayi zothandiza.
Kodi zopanda phindu ndi chiyani, ndipo phindu lake ndi lotani?
Bungwe lopanda phindu ndi bizinesi yopangidwa kuti izigwira ntchito osati kupanga ndalama. Mwalamulo, ndi bungwe lomwe IRS limazindikira kuti sililipira msonkho chifukwa limathandizira pazachikhalidwe chomwe chimapindulitsa anthu. Ganizirani zinthu monga kusunga mbiri, kuchita kafukufuku wa sayansi, kuteteza nyama, kapena kulimbikitsa chuma cha m’dera lanu.
Ndalama zilizonse zopanda phindu zomwe zimabweretsa zimapita ku cholinga chawo, osati anthu kapena omwe ali ndi masheya. Anthu amatchanso mabungwe osachita phindu kapena mabungwe 501 (c) (3), kutengera gawo la msonkho lomwe limawapatsa mwayi wawo wopanda msonkho.
Nazi zabwino zingapo zoyambira zopanda phindu:
Bungwe litha kupeza mwayi wosalipira msonkho ku federal, kutanthauza kuti eni ake sayenera kulipira msonkho wa federal pazopeza zawo.
Zopanda phindu zithanso kulandira zopumira zamisonkho zakomweko komanso zaboma.
Eni ake osapindula amatha kulandira zopereka kuchokera kwa anthu ndi mabungwe ena kuti athandizire ntchito yawo.
Eni ake angagwiritsenso ntchito ndalama kuchokera ku mabungwe a boma ndi maziko, omwe angapereke chithandizo chowonjezera pa ntchitoyi.
Kumbali inayi, zopanda phindu sizikhala ndi zovuta zawo. Eni ake amayenera kugwira ntchito kuti athandize anthu okha, osati kuti apindule ndi eni ake kapena anthu wamba. Opanda phindu amayeneranso kuchita misonkhano yawo nthawi zonse, kubweza phindu lililonse m'bungwe, ndi kusunga mbiri yazandalama kuti asamakhope msonkho.
Njira 9 zothandizira kuyambitsa kusapindula kopambana
1: Pangani maziko olimba
Musanayambe kulemba makalata ndi kulemberana ndi akuluakulu amisonkho, ndikofunikira kuganizira za anthu ammudzi kapena gulu lomwe bungwe lopanda phindu lingathandizire. Kuzindikira chosowa chapadera mdera lanu ndikuchithandizira ndi deta ndi njira yolimba yoyambira kumanga maziko osapindulitsa.
Mawu omveka bwino, opangidwa bwino amatsogolera osapindula ndikulimbikitsa antchito, odzipereka, ndi opereka ndalama. Zikachita bwino, zimathandizira kuti bungwe likhale lolunjika komanso limathandizira kutsogolera zisankho zofunika. Nawa maupangiri olembera mawu amphamvu amishoni:
● Lisungeni momveka bwino, losavuta, ndiponso losavuta kulikumbukira.
● Longosolani zomwe bungwe lopanda phindu limachita ndi chifukwa chake limachirikiza chiganizo chimodzi kapena ziwiri.
● Kumbukirani, cholinga cha mishoni chikhoza kusinthika pamene bungwe likukula.
Gawo 2: Pangani dongosolo lolimba la bizinesi
Dongosolo latsatanetsatane labizinesi lopanda phindu lidzathandiza eni ake kumvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe bungwe lawo likuyembekezera kubweretsa ndi zomwe angakwanitse —monga kulemba antchito m'malo modalira anthu odzipereka kapena kulemba ganyu purezidenti kapena CEO. Zikuwonetsanso kuchuluka kwa zomwe adzafunikire kudalira zopereka zothandizira ntchito zawo zopezera ndalama.
Dongosolo lolimba la bizinesi liphatikiza izi:
Chidule cha akuluakulu: Chidule cha ntchito za mabungwe osapindula, chidule cha kafukufuku wamsika wosonyeza zosowa za anthu ammudzi, ndi momwe mabungwe osapindula amakonzekera kukwaniritsa chosowacho.
Ntchito ndi zokhudzidwa: Kulowa mozama mu mapulogalamu, ntchito, kapena zinthu zomwe bungwe lingapereke ndi kufotokozera momveka bwino zolinga zake popanga kusintha kwabwino.
Malonda amalonda: Njira yofalitsira mawu okhudza osapindula ndi ntchito zake.
Ndondomeko yoyendetsera ntchito: Kufotokozera za zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku, kuphatikizapo dongosolo la bungwe ndi zomwe ntchito iliyonse idzakwaniritse.
Dongosolo lazachuma: Dongosololi limayang'ana thanzi la eni ake azachuma, kuphatikiza ndalama, bajeti, ndalama, ndalama, njira zopezera ndalama, zofunikira zoyambira, ndi ndalama zomwe zimapitilira.
Musanapitirize, fufuzani ngati mabungwe ena akugwiranso ntchito zofanana. Opanda phindu adzapikisana ndi omwe amapereka ndi zopereka ngati gulu lina likugwira ntchito yofanana. Kuti mupewe izi, eni ake angagwiritse ntchito chida cha National Council of Nonprofits locators kuti awone zina zopanda phindu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti cholingacho chikuyenda bwino.
Gawo 3: Sankhani dzina loyenera
Chotsatira chomwe eni ake ayenera kuchita ndikusankha dzina lapadera lazopanda phindu, zomwe zimawonetsa cholinga ndi zomwe bungwe limachita. Ngati amakakamira kupeza dzina labwino, atha kugwiritsa ntchito majenereta abizinesi (monga mtundu wa Shopify) kuti ayambitse malingaliro ndikupatsanso timadziti tambiri tambiri.
Khwerero 4: Sankhani za kapangidwe ka bizinesi
IRS imazindikira pafupifupi mitundu itatu ya zopanda phindu, zomwe zimaphimba chilichonse kuyambira mabungwe achifundo mpaka ma trust trust a migodi ya malasha ndi ndalama zopumira pantchito za aphunzitsi. Nayi mitundu inayi yodziwika bwino yopanda phindu:
1. 501(c)(3): Mabungwe achifundo
Gululi limakhudza mabungwe osiyanasiyana azipembedzo, maphunziro, zachifundo, zasayansi, ndi zolemba. Zimaphatikizanso mabungwe othandiza anthu, mabungwe azinsinsi, ngakhalenso mabungwe amasewera osachita bwino omwe amapanga mipikisano yamayiko kapena yapadziko lonse lapansi.
A 501 (c) (3) chitha kuphatikizanso wothandizira ndalama, zomwe zimathandiza kuyang'anira ndikuthandizira ntchito zachifundo. Mabungwe achifundo ameneŵa ayenera kuthandiza anthu m’njira inayake, ndipo zopereka zoperekedwa kwa iwo zimachotsedwa msonkho kwa woperekayo.
2. 501(c)(5): Mabungwe ogwira ntchito, ulimi, ndi ulimi wamaluwa
Mabungwe ogwira ntchito, monga mabungwe ndi magulu aulimi, nthawi zambiri amagwera m'gulu ili. Amayang'ana kwambiri kuyimilira zofuna za ogwira ntchito ndi zokambirana zamagulu. Komabe, zopereka zomwe zimaperekedwa kumabungwewa sizimachotsedwa msonkho.
3. 501(c)(7): Makalabu ochezera ndi zosangalatsa
Gululi limakhudza makalabu ochezera ndi zosangalatsa omwe amakhazikitsidwa kuti mamembala awo azisangalala komanso asangalale. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo makalabu akumayiko, magulu osangalatsa, makalabu amasewera, ndi abale. Kuonjezera apo, zopereka ku makalabu awa sizimachotsedwa msonkho.
4. 501 (c) (9): Mabungwe opindula ndi ogwira ntchito
Zopanda phindu izi zimapereka zopindulitsa monga inshuwaransi yazaumoyo ndi penshoni. Ganizirani za mabungwe omwe amayang'anira inshuwaransi ya ogwira ntchito ndi mapulani a phindu. Amapereka moyo, matenda, ndi chithandizo cha ngozi kwa mamembala awo, nthawi zambiri ogwira ntchito pakampani kapena gulu linalake.
Khwerero 5: Pangani bungwe lopanda phindu mwalamulo
Eni ake akapanga zisankho zazikulu ndikulemba zolemba zofunika, ndi nthawi yoti muphatikizepo zosagwirizana ndi msonkho zomwe sizilipira msonkho. Ngakhale kuti dziko lililonse lili ndi ndondomeko yake, nthawi zambiri, eni ake adzafunika:
● Lembani zolemba zakampani zomwe zili ndi dzina la bungwe.
● Perekani mauthenga a mamembala a bungwe.
● Sankhani dongosolo lazamalamulo (bungwe lopanda phindu, LLC, mgwirizano, ndi zina zotero).
● Tumizani zikalata zolembetsedwa kwa mlembi wa ofesi ya boma.
● Malizitsani kulembetsa zopempha zachifundo m'boma lawo ndikulipira chindapusa chilichonse.
● Lemberani kuti musamapereke msonkho ku IRS.
Mabungwe ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito IRS Form 1023 (fomu yayitali) kuti alembetse kuti asachotsedwe msonkho. Ngati bungwe lopanda phindu likuyembekeza kupanga ndalama zosakwana US $50,000 pachaka, eni ake atha kulandira fomu ya 1023-EZ yosavuta. Ngati IRS ivomereza pempholi, eni ake adzalandira kalata yotsimikizira kuti ali ndi ufulu wosakhoma msonkho.
Khwerero 6: Pezani EIN ndikutsegula akaunti yakubanki
Kuti mupeze Employer Identification Number (EIN), lembani Fomu ya IRS SS-4. Eni ake atha kupeza fomuyi pa intaneti, kudzera pa imelo, kapena pa fax. Pambuyo pake, akhoza kutumiza ku IRS.
Kenako, eni ake osapindula akhoza kutsegula akaunti yakubanki. Adzafuna EIN yawo, dzina la bungwe, adilesi, ndi zidziwitso. Nawa mabanki apamwamba osapindula, malinga ndi NerdWallet:
● LendingClub
● Bluevine
● Banki yaku US
● Live Oak Bank
Khwerero 7: Sankhani gulu la otsogolera
Kukula ndi mapangidwe a bungweli zidzadalira malamulo a boma ndi malamulo a bungwe. Nthawi zambiri, ma board amakhala ndi mamembala pakati pa atatu ndi 31, ambiri amakhala odziyimira pawokha, kutanthauza kuti sakhudzidwa ndi bungwe.
Mamembala a komiti amatenga maudindo akuluakulu: kubwereka ndi kuyang'anira woyang'anira wamkulu, kuvomereza bajeti, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti bungwe likuchitabe ntchito yake. Eni ake akakhala ndi ochepa omwe angakhale mamembala a board, ayenera kuvota pamsonkhano, makamaka ngati bungwe lili ndi mamembala.
Bungwe likakhazikitsidwa, eni ake amatha kusankha maofisala, kuphatikiza purezidenti, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti, mlembi, ndi msungichuma. Maudindowa nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupifupi chaka, ndipo maofesala ali ndi udindo woyendetsa misonkhano ya board ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zisankho zakwaniritsidwa.
Khwerero 8: Kukonza malamulo ang'onoang'ono ndi mfundo zotsutsana ndi zofuna
Malamulo a bungwe lopanda phindu amakhazikitsa malamulo a momwe bungwe limayendera, momwe lingapangire zisankho, kusankha maofisala, ndikuchita misonkhano ya board. Mofananamo, ndondomeko zotsutsana ndi zofuna zimatsimikizira kuti akuluakulu, mamembala a bungwe, ndi antchito sagwiritsa ntchito zopanda phindu kuti apindule. Bungweli liri ndi udindo wovomereza mfundozi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zikukhala zatsopano.
Khwerero 9: Yambitsani kampeni yopezera ndalama
Kumayambiriro koyambirira, osapindula adzafunika ndondomeko yolimba yopezera ndalama komanso kumene zidzachokera. Ngati eni ake alibe ndalama zolimba kuyambira pachiyambi, zimakhala zovuta kuti bungwe lawo lithe nthawi yayitali kuti liyime. Njira zina zopezera ndalama ndizomwe zimaperekedwa ndi zoyambira.
Kuzungulira
Eni ake osapindula akapeza zikalata zawo zonse zamalamulo zovomerezeka ndipo gwero landalama litatetezedwa, atha kupitiliza kukhazikitsa. Koma kumeneko si mapeto a ulendo. Eni ake osapindula ayeneranso kugulitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwawo kwa onse omwe angakhale othandizira.
Ngakhale kupanga phindu lopanda phindu kumatenga nthawi, ndondomeko yoyenera yotsatsa ingathandize kukonza ndondomekoyi. Mwachitsanzo, omwe sali opindula omwe athamanga kwambiri amatha kufikira omwe angathe kuwapereka, kumapangitsa kuti akhale ndi mwayi wopambana kupitilira kukhazikitsidwa koyamba. Zopanda phindu zitha kukhala ntchito yambiri, koma ndizofunikira kwa anthu omwe akuyembekeza kusintha.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-11-2024
